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Cash transfers have increasingly become part of national poverty reduction and social protection strategies in developing countries. Today, 130 low- and middle-income countries have at least one non-contributory unconditional cash transfer (UCT) programme and 63 countries have at least one conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme. This ODI briefing paper summarizes the findings on the impacts of cash transfers on women and girls drawn from a rigorous review of the evidence. It is distinct from other cash transfer reviews in terms of the methods used, the breadth of the evidence synthesized and the focus on programme design and implementation features.