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Although it is often legally prohibited, the use of physical violence for discipline is a well-established norm in many communities, both at home and at school. Using longitudinal data from the Young Lives study, this Innocenti Research Brief Undermining Learning: Multi-Country Longitudinal Evidence on Corporal Punishment in Schools summarizes research examining whether corporal punishment in schools is associated with lasting effects on children’s cognitive development. The brief is part of the UNICEF Multi-Country Study on the Drivers of Violence Affecting Children.